For farmers and smallholders, calving season isn’t just another routine, it is a crucial period in the farming calendar that defines herd productivity, calf survival rates, and overall farm success. With our team’s knowledge, we understand the challenges of this demanding time. From unpredictable weather to late-night checks in the shed, calving season requires preparation and the right equipment. In this blog, we’ll share invaluable insights on when calving season occurs in the UK, how to prepare effectively, and which essential calving products every farmer should have on hand.
When is calving season in the UK?
Calving season in the UK typically varies depending on farming practices, but the two main periods are spring and autumn. The spring calving season usually begins in February and lasts through April. This is the most common calving period, as it coincides with improved weather conditions and better grass growth, providing ample nutrition for lactating cows.
Autumn calving season occurs from September to November, and it is often chosen by farmers who rely on a winter-based feeding system and wish to take advantage of stable milk prices in early spring. The specific timing of calving season depends on breeding management decisions. Cows typically give birth around nine months after conception.
Five things to consider during calving season
Proper preparation is key to ensuring smooth calving operations. Farmers should focus on the following areas:
- Nutrition and body condition: Ensuring cows are in optimal body condition before calving is essential. Overweight or underweight cows can face complications. Provide a balanced diet with adequate energy, protein, and minerals, particularly in the last trimester.
- Calving environment: Create a clean, dry, and well-bedded calving area. Whether calving indoors or outdoors, it’s crucial to minimise infection risks and ensure easy monitoring. Sufficient shelter and fresh water access are also necessary.
- Health checks and vaccinations: Conduct pre-calving health checks, ensuring cows are up to date with necessary vaccinations, especially against scours and respiratory diseases, which can affect newborn calves.
- Monitoring and assistance: Know the signs of labour and check cows regularly. A calving camera system can be useful for remote monitoring. Be ready to provide assistance if needed and have a vet’s contact details readily available for emergencies.
- Colostrum management: Newborn calves require colostrum within the first two hours to boost immunity. Ensuring a good-quality supply is crucial for the calf’s health and survival.
Calving products for farmers
Investing in the right calving products can significantly ease the process and improve success rates. Here are some essential items:
Calving aid kits – These kits include ropes, pulleys, and calving jacks to assist in difficult births. Proper use of these tools can help deliver calves safely while reducing stress on both the cow and the farmer. Having a calving aid kit on hand is essential for those unexpected challenging deliveries.
Calving pens and bedding – A well-structured calving pen provides a safe, clean, and controlled environment for both cow and calf. Good bedding, such as straw or sawdust, helps maintain hygiene, offers comfort, and minimises the risk of infections, ensuring a smooth transition for newborn calves.
Colostrum supplements and feeders – Some calves may struggle to suckle naturally, which is where colostrum supplements and cattle feeding equipment come in. These products ensure that newborns receive the essential nutrients and antibodies needed to build a strong immune system, particularly in cases where the mother’s colostrum is insufficient or unavailable.
Iodine solution and disinfectants – Applying iodine solution to the calf’s navel immediately after birth is a crucial step in preventing infections. Keeping disinfectants on hand ensures that all equipment and the calving area remain sanitary, reducing the risk of diseases.
Calving cameras & sesnsors – These easy-to-use cameras and Moocall sensors allow farmers to monitor calving remotely, enabling them to act quickly if complications arise. They help reduce labour costs, enhance efficiency, and ensure that cows receive immediate assistance when needed, particularly during night-time calvings.
Calf jackets – Particularly useful in colder conditions, calf jackets provide extra warmth to vulnerable newborns. By maintaining body temperature, these jackets help reduce the risk of hypothermia, giving weaker or early-born calves a better start in life.
Milk replacers and feeding equipment – When natural suckling is not an option, milk replacers and feeding bottles or buckets are essential. They provide a balanced, nutrient-rich alternative to ensure calves receive proper nourishment, supporting early growth and development.
Preparing for calving season in the UK requires careful planning and management. By understanding the timing of calving season, implementing best practices for preparation, and using the right calving products, farmers can ensure a smooth and successful calving period. Taking proactive measures will lead to healthier calves, improved productivity, and reduced stress for both cattle and farmers. With the right approach, calving season can be a rewarding and productive time on any UK farm.